It historically also has been used as emetic (induces vomiting) and purgative (induce bowel movements) (Blakemore and Jennett 2001).įrom ancient times, the root was promoted for such uses as an aphrodisiac and for fertility. The root can be very toxic, but also is used as an adnodyne to relieve and soothe pain (by lessening the sensitivity of the brain or nervous system) and for its soporific properties (inducing sleep). Mandrake's medicinal uses date back to ancient times, with references to it being used as a cure to sterility in Genesis 3:14-16 and in the time of Pliny (23-79 C.E.) it was being given to patients before surgery by having them chew of pieces of root (Blakemore and Jennett 2001). The Arab name mandragora means "hurtful to cattle" (Blakemore and Jennett 2001). The fruit likewise causes poisoning in cattle. Symptoms of overdose may include mouth dryness, dilated pupils, ataxia, urinary retention, hallucinations, convulsions, coma, and death.Īll parts of the mandrake plant are poisonous. Pharmacologically, they are the most powerful known anticholinergics in existence, meaning they inhibit the neurological signals transmitted by the endogenous neurotransmitter, acetylcholine. Chemically, the molecules of these compounds have a characteristic bicyclic structure and include atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine.
One of the most important groups of alkaloid compounds found in members of the Mandragora genus are tropane alkaloids, which also are found in the Solanaceae genera Atropa (the belladonna genus), Datura, and Brugmansia, as well as many others in the Solanaceae family. Even today, in neopagan religions such as Wicca and Germanic revivalism religions such as Odinism, the mandrake continues to play a role. With roots that sometimes contain bifurcations causing them to resemble human figures, mandrakes long have been associated with mystical properties and with magic rituals. References to the importance of mandrake in human culture trace back as far as the book of Genesis and in ancient Greek and Roman societies. Mandragora species are native to the Mediterranean and the Himalayas. The term mandrake also is commonly used for the roots of these plants, which contain poisonous alkaloids and have been used medicinally for their anodyne (relieves pain through external application) and soporific properties, but also can lead to delirium and hallucinations.
Two or three, depending on pronunciation Emotion evoked from the name Julian: JOO-lee-ən, JOOL-yən (English), YOO-lyan (Polish, German) Number of syllables in the name Julian: The name Julian may be related to the Roman god Jupiter who is symbolized by lightning bolts and eagles. Julian may be related to the name of Roman god Jupiter. Julian is derived from the Latin name Julius. Julian is an English, Polish, and German baby boy's name that means “youthful, downy-bearded, or sky father”. Meaning of the name Julian:Įnglish, Polish, German: youthful, downy-bearded, or sky father Origin of the name Julian:
Julian is more popular than the related name Julius and has been in the top 100 names since 2000. Julian is a boy’s baby name of English, German, and Polish origin that means “youthful, downy-bearded, or sky father”. Let's Get Ready for Baby! Sign up for our monthly pregnancy email series, and you'll get regular updates on your baby's development, helpful timelines to get ready for their arrival, must-have baby needs and so much more! PLUS, you'll get instant access to the MomsWhoThink "Ultimate Guide to Baby Naming in 2022." CLICK HERE to get started!
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